Rapid rural appraisal rra is a relatively new approach for conducting actionoriented research in developing countries. Community participation has become an indispensable and integral component of development initiatives at the grass roots. This document is intended for aquaculture development specialists, aquaculture project managers, and officials and specialists involved in the planning and management of aquaculture activities. Rra consists of a set of guidelines which help people to work in a structured but flexible way in rural. The approach aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and management of development projects and programmes. Some of the sources were modified to be utilized in a participatory mode, and the others were taken up as they were used for investigation and planning. Rapid rural appraisal by amanda rogers rapid rural appraisal rra is an efficient and effective method both in terms of time and cost of gathering information, particularly in agricultural settings. Enhancing communitybased forest management and utilization. The authors documented the use and value of these animals, using rapid rural appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal pratechniques, with qualitative and economic analysis. This can help determine the targetoriented needs and demands of the farmers categorywise. Participatory rural appraisal, the origin of pra as coined by robert chambers as an approach to development planning and as a method of investigation evolved from many different sources. Participatory rural appraisal pra is an approach used by nongovernmental organizations ngos and other agencies involved in international development. Plla is based on tools, strategies and experiences of participatory rural appraisal, rapid rural appraisal rra and farming systems researches for visualizing and detecting where changes in a. Table 1 shows these studies and the countries where they were carried out, together with the measurement method.
The purpose of this paper is to give the overview of these two methods, their approaches, similarities, differences and their application for food and nutrition problems. A participatory rural appraisal pra of a coastal community in the province of batangas, philippines, was conducted. Role of participatory rural appraisal in community. Use of rapid rural appraisal and crosssectional studies in. A guide to rapid market appraisal rma for agricultural products.
Pra participatory rural appraisal rip rapid impact programme yemen rne regional of. Aug 07, 2014 participatory rural appraisal appraisal the finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. Chapter 6 using rapid or participatory rural appraisal fao. It is important to modify and amend the indigenous technologies for sustainable agricultural development through participatory rural appraisal participatory learning and action rapid rural appraisal methods. Ppt participatory rural appraisal powerpoint presentation. The climate smart agriculture rapid appraisal csara is a mixed method approach that draws on participatory bottomup, qualitative, and quantitative tools to assess the heterogeneity of local contexts, and prioritize contextspecific csa options. The term rra is used here to refer to a discrete study or series of studies in one or more communities, during which a. The rapid rural appraisal rra approach is the largest contributor, for both principle and techniques developed by the participatory rural appraisal pra.
An introduction to rapid rural appraisal for agricultural. The entire rrma research process and particularly the report should be made transparent to readers of the research, and that concerns reliability and replicability of findings. Much of the information in these boxes is drawn from documents listed in the references section of this guide. From past experience, alcom understood that fisheries in many rural. If the researcher observes keenly at the start, the remainder of the survey process stands a better chance of success and time will not be wasted. This rapid appraisal shows an overview of urban agriculture in da nang, emphasizes its importance to the urban areas, identifies potentials for its development and proposes recommendations for the sustainability of urban agriculture. Table 1 key features of rapid evaluation and assessment methods projects stakeholder target participation approach authors purpose population methods in evaluation participatory rutta et al. The table below indicates which rra tool can be used to collect the information required by each step or pro. Throughout this guide you will see boxes with definitions relating to food assessments and tips for conducting food assessments. The objectives of the studywere to obtain a better understanding of farmermanaged spate irrigationsystems and to enable the local people to perform their own farmingsystem analysis. Agriculture residues fuelwood and wood residues crops biomass potential assessment natural resources 15 transport bioethanol, biodiesel rural electrification gasification, svo, combustion heating and cooking charcoal, briquettes. Participatory programming provides scope for the unlocking of potential competence and optimizing available. Enhancing communitybased forest management and utilization for the improvement of rural livelihoods background the forest cover in cambodia has rapidly declined in recent decades due to logging, forest fires, landgrabbing, encroachment, intensified shifting cultivation and rapid expansion of cash crop plantations of rubber.
Rapid appraisal on urban agriculture in da nang city, viet nam. It is largely used in assisting agricultural development work. Rapid rural appraisal and rapid assessment procedures. Pra uses similar guidelines and tools to rra but focuses on the stimulation of participation by local people. Rapid rural appraisal rra and rapid assessment procedures rap are examples of new approaches that are responsive to this challenge. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Participatory means that people are involved in the process a bottomup approach that requires good communication skills and attitude of project staff. Caroline mwongera, kelvin shikuku and jennifer twyman disclaimer. Participatory rural appraisal an overview sciencedirect. Using these tools, rural women and men are able to teach outsiders about their lives. Full text of rapid rural appraisal participatory rural appraisal and aquaculture fao fisheries technical paper 358 see other formats. Evaluating and strengthening rural business development services a market facilitators guide to rural agroenterprise development collective marketing for smallholder producers a guide to rapid market appraisal rma for agricultural products marketing basics for field agents seven steps of marketing for field agents.
Fao method and 1 used rapid rural appraisal rra approach. In this manual, the term rapid appraisal has been used instead of rapid rural appraisal or rra. Participatory rapid appraisal pra is an interactive data collection process conducted at a community level or with a specific community group of interest. As noted in the sections that follow, these methods are participatory and qualitative and are especially valuable in gathering information that will provide insights about people and the communities in which they live. Chapter 6 using rapid or participatory rural appraisal. Rra is regarded here as a set of guidelines and tools which can be used in many different ways and many different circumstances and without. In addition, a manual on the training approaches used was produced shortly. The term rra is used here to refer to a discrete study or series of studies in one or. Rra, which emerged in the 1970s, places emphasis on local knowledge and the big picture, instead of lengthy statistical analysis.
The process empowers locals by including them directly in the issue identification and evaluation process and, in many cases, in the final implementation and postconstruction monitoring. Participatory rural appraisal pra manual participatory programming provides scope for the unlocking of potential competence and optimizing available resource use in order to improve plant nutrition and plant health. For the purposes of this document, as clear distinction has been made between rapid rural appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal pra precisely in order to accommodate this difference. The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal.
Rapid rural appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal. Programme alcom is a regional aquaculture programme of the fao which has. Rra rapid rural appraisal and pra participatory rural appraisal. This chapter describes the application of participatory rural appraisal pra methodology to a community development initiative in mbusyani sublocation, kenya in 1988. Rapid rural appraisal report of northern uganda february. Rapid appraisal tools were developed from socioanthropological tech niques in an attempt to overcome some of the inad equacies of farming systems research and encour age local participation in development projects ley land 1991. Participatory rapid appraisal sage research methods.
An introduction to rapid rural appraisal for agricultural development sustainable agriculture programme rapid rural appraisal jennifer a. Participatory rural appraisal is a citizencentred method of development. It has been conclusively proved that the effectiveness, success and sustainability of development initiatives largely depend on wholehearted participation of the stakeholders, particularly the primary ones. Participatory rural appraisal of a coastal community. The purpose of this manual is to familiarize users with rural rapid appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal pra methods, demonstrate the applicability of these methods, and encourage the rigorous application of the methods to obtain the best results. With a rapid rural appraisal the researcher acts like an explorer, making a brief survey of the horizon before plunging into the depths of the research from which the wider view is no longer possible. This work focused on the development of methods and techniques. Rapid rural appraisal rra methodology owes much of its early development to farming systems research and extension as promoted by the consultative. Rapid rural appraisal, participatory rural appraisal and aquaculture. This rapid rural appraisal report has been prepared as an output for the ccafs project increasing food security and farming system resilience in east africa through widescale. The fishery resources division of the fao fisheries department regularly publishes technical documentation relevant for the promotion of sustainable fisheries. In the sheeb area in eastern eritrea a participatory rural appraisal pra was carried out in two villages, one upstream and one downstreamof the ephemeral rivers laba and maiule. Full text of rapid rural appraisal participatory rural. Participatory rural appraisal pra is a specific form of rapid rural appraisal rra, a research techniques developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by the researchers in the international development as an alternative and compliment to conventional sample survey.
Pra is applied at the design, early implementation and evaluation phases of a project cycle or used for environmental and socioeconomic research. Rapid rural appraisal, participatory rural appraisal and. Pra is one of the models of rra that is more participative. This volume outlines five rapid data collection methods key informant interviews, focus group discussions, group. For many agencies and organisations, participatory rural appraisal pra is not just a tool which enables development planners to learn about rural conditions and consult with local people so that they development planners can come up with more appropriate and better development plans this might be thought of as a participatory rra. How to use rapid rural appraisal rra and forestry to. Participatory rural appraisal of spate irrigation systems in. Alcom was already interested in the use of rapid rural appraisal rra as an. The guide can be used both in rural or urban settings. Rapid appraisal is a less structured data collection method aimed at supplying needed information in a timely and costeffective manner.
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